How Do Essential Oils Work?
Essential oils work through two primary pathways: inhalation and topical application.
1. Inhalation: When you inhale the aroma of an essential oil, the scent molecules travel from the olfactory nerves directly to the brain and especially impact the amygdala, the emotional center of the brain. This is why certain scents can instantly evoke a feeling or a memory. Inhaling essential oils can also impact the limbic system, which plays a role in controlling several unconscious physiological functions, like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. This is one of the reasons essential oils are often used for relaxation, mood enhancement, and in stress and anxiety relief.
2. Topical Application: When applied to the skin, essential oils can be absorbed into the bloodstream. The rate of absorption is influenced by the thickness of the skin (it's faster in areas with thinner skin) and the oil's chemical structure. Once absorbed, they can travel throughout the body and interact with tissues and cells. This method is commonly used in massage therapy, where oils can be absorbed through the skin and also inhaled.
It's important to note that essential oils are highly concentrated and can be irritating if applied directly to the skin, so they are often diluted in a carrier oil. Also, the effectiveness and safety of essential oils can vary, and they are not regulated by agencies like the FDA in the same way that medications are. Therefore, it's always a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional or a trained aromatherapist before starting any new treatment.